Hollow brick for level floors and ceilings, &amp;c.



N0. $33,044. Patented Sept. I2, I899. P. ROWALD.

HOLLOW BRICK FUR LEVEL FLIJORS AND CEILINGS. &c.

(Application filed Oct. 31, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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PAUL ROIVALD, OF HANOVER, GERMANY.

HOLLOW BRICK FOR LEVEL FLOORS AND CEILINGS, 81.0.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 633,044, dated. September 12, 1899.

Application filed October 31, 1898, Serial No. 695,057. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PAUL ROWALD, architect, a citizen of Germany, residing at Hanover, in the Province of Hanover, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in llollow Bricks for Level Floors and Ceilings, doc. and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

For the construction of fireproof ceilings and floors various designs have been used in particular for covering the open space between the different joists or T-irons supporting the floors. Principally wedge-shaped hollow bricks have been employed for that purpose, the bricks forming part of an arch. Also other shapes of hollow bricks have been used for the same purpose with more or less success. But the laying of all these bricks requires expert masons, and besides their weight is quite a drawback in shipping and in calling for heavier joists. In my invention I avoid almost all side pressure which arches will exert.

My bricks, which I call omega bricks, are easily laid, and their weight is so much less than that of other shapes that considerable lighter joists may be employed with safety. My omega bricks may also be used for the construction of light partiti0nwalls, fireproof supports for staircases, the.

I mold my bricks in such a manner that they contain one or more hollow spaces, but have found that those with two spaces and a rib in the center are the most practicable. The two sides are curved in an ogee form, while the top and bottom are fiat and provided with grooves, or they are roughed in some other way in order to make the coating on top or bottom adhere better to them.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a cr0ss-section of an omega brick with one hollow space a, and Fig. 2 the same with two hollow spaces a a and rib I). Fig. 3 is a perspective view and shows how the omega bricks are laid in bond between the joists, Fig. at how they are placed to make a staircase fireproof, and Fig. Show they are used for making partition-walls. Fig. 6 represents an upright omega brick for filling up the entire space between the flanges of the T-irons or where heavier weights are to be supported. 0 and (Z are the roughed top and bottom, and e and f the two curved ogee sides, which may be symmetrically or parallelly formed, the latter shown by Fig. '7 and applicable to all other forms.

lVhen laying omega bricks between two joists a temporary ceiling is put up and a fulllength brick is embedded into mortar upon the lower flange of the T-iron, and then follow other bricks, until the line to the next joist is completed. The next line is commenced with a half of a brick,and then follows awhole brick, and so on until that line is also completed, when the following line is again commenced with a whole brick in order to obtain broken j ointsall along the entire length of the joists. The joints between bricks are filled out with a thin layer of cement mortar in order to secure a closer fit and to give more stability to the entire structure. Each of these omega bricks is provided with a concave and a corresponding convex faee of the ogee form, either symmetrical or parallel, and when placing them in line from joist to joist in one line the symmetrical ones are placed bottom 61 down, and in the next bottom up, and so on, alternately, as appears from drawings, Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, but with the parallel ones, Fig. 7, no alternations are required. Then the cement is sufficiently hardened, the temporary ceiling is removed and a very strong flat fireproof ceiling is attained. Fireproof staircasecasings and partition-walls are constructed in a similar manner, as indicated by Figs. at and 5.

I claim Omega bricks shaped in such a manner that the two opposite upper and lower sides are made conveniently fiat and roughed in some ordinary way, whereas the other two sides have an ogee shape, symmetrical or parallel, so that they fit exactly one unto the other thus forming tight joints, all substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses. 7

PAUL ROWALD.

\Vitnesses:

KIRKE LATHROP, Lnxonn RAsoH. 

